Classifying matter

1. Antoine Lavoisier, the "father of chemistry", listed lime as a chemical element in his table of 33 known elements. Which of the following observations shows that lime cannot be an element?

	Lime melts at a temperature of 2572°C.
	Lime and carbon dioxide are produced when limestone is roasted.
	When a certain soft metal is burned in oxygen, lime is produced (with no other products).
	Lime reacts with water, generating a large amount of heat.

2. The meteorite ALH84001 contains tiny bubbles of gas trapped in the rock. The chemical composition of the gas in these bubbles matches the composition of the Martian atmosphere as determined by Viking spacecraft in the 1970's. The meteorite is an example of a(n)

heterogeneous mixture

solution

homogeneous mixture

binary compound

element

3. Vanillin contains 63.15% C, 5.30% H, and 31.55% O whether it is extracted from vanilla beans, synthesized chemically from clove oils, or extracted from wood pulp wastes. Vanillin is most likely to be:

	a homogenous mixture of elements		a solution of C in H and O
	a compound of C, H, and O		a heterogeous mixture of elements

4. Smoke is an example of a(n):

homogeneous mixture

heterogeneous mixture

element

compound

gaseous solution

5. A blue crystalline material is heated strongly in a test tube. A clear liquid condenses around the mouth of the tube and the crystals gradually lose their blue color and become white powder. Every gram of blue crystal produces 0.36 g of clear liquid and 0.64 g of colorless powder. The same weight relationships are observed for samples of the crystals taken from many different sources. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the blue crystals are:

an element

a solution

a heterogeous mixture

a wet salt

a compound

General Chemistry Online! Classifying matter