General Chemistry Online: Companion Notes: Matter: Classifying matter

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Matter

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1. Antoine Lavoisier, the "father of chemistry", listed lime as a chemical element in his table of 33 known elements. Which of the following observations shows that lime cannot be an element?

	Lime melts at a temperature of 2572°C.
	Lime and carbon dioxide are produced when limestone is roasted.
	When a certain soft metal is burned in oxygen, lime is produced (with no other products).
	Lime reacts with water, generating a large amount of heat.

2. Smoke is an example of a(n):

homogeneous mixture

heterogeneous mixture

compound

element

gaseous solution

3. Vanillin contains 63.15% C, 5.30% H, and 31.55% O whether it is extracted from vanilla beans, synthesized chemically from clove oils, or extracted from wood pulp wastes. Vanillin is most likely to be:

	a solution of C in H and O		a heterogeous mixture of elements
	a compound of C, H, and O		a homogenous mixture of elements

4. A solid melts gradually between 85°C and 95°C to give a milky, oily liquid. When a laser beam shines through the liquid, the path of the beam is clearly visible. The milky liquid is likely to be:

a heterogenous mixture

a compound

an element

a solution

5. A blue crystalline material is heated strongly in a test tube. A clear liquid condenses around the mouth of the tube and the crystals gradually lose their blue color and become white powder. Every gram of blue crystal produces 0.36 g of clear liquid and 0.64 g of colorless powder. The same weight relationships are observed for samples of the crystals taken from many different sources. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the blue crystals are:

a wet salt

a heterogeous mixture

an element

a compound

a solution

General Chemistry Online! Classifying matter